C141-E219-01EN
MAV2073RC
MAV2036RC
HARD DISK DRIVES
PRODUCT/MAINTENANCE MANUAL
REVISION RECORD
Edition Date published
Revised contents
01
January, 2005
Specification No.: C141-E219-**EN
C141-E219
Related Standards
Product specifications and functions described in this manual comply with the following ANSI (*1)
standards and SFF Committee specifications.
Document number
Title
T10/1236D Rev.20
[NCITS.351:2001]
SCSI Primary Commands-2 (SPC-2)
SCSI-3 Block Commands (SBC)
T10/996D Rev. 8c
[NCITS.306:1998]
T10/1157D Rev. 24
T10/1561D Rev. 14
T10/1562D Rev. 05
T10/1601D Rev. 07
SFF-8201 Rev. 2.3
SFF-8223 Rev. 2.4
SCSI Architecture Model-2 (SAM-2)
SCSI Architecture Model-3 (SAM-3)
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS)
Serial Attached SCSI Model-1.1 (SAS 1.1)
Form Factor of 2.5" Disk Drives
2.5" Drive Form Factor with Serial Connector
*1 ANSI = American National Standard Institute
In case of conflict between this manual and any referenced document, this manual takes precedence.
C141-E219
Preface
This manual describes MAV2073RC and MAV2036RC, 2.5" type hard disk drives with an
embedded Serial Attached SCSI (SAS).
This manual details the specifications and functions of the above disk drive, and gives the
requirements and procedures for installing it into a host computer system.
This manual is written for users who have a basic understanding of hard disk drives and
their use in computer systems. The MANUAL ORGANIZATION section describes
organization and scope of this manual. The need arises, use the other manuals.
The organization of this manual, related reference manual and conventions for alert
messages follow.
Overview of Manual
This manual consists of the following seven chapters and one appendix:
Chapter 1 General Description
This chapter introduces the disk drives and discusses their standard features, hardware, and
system configuration.
Chapter 2 Specifications
This chapter gives detailed specifications of the disk drives and their installation
environment.
Chapter 3 Data Format
This chapter describes the data structure of the disk, the address method, and what to do
about media defects.
Chapter 4 Installation Requirements
This chapter describes the basic physical and electrical requirements for installing the disk
drives.
Chapter 5 Installation
This chapter explains how to install the disk drives. It includes the notice and procedures
for setting device number and operation modes, mounting the disk drive, and confirming
drive operation.
Chapter 6 Diagnostics and Maintenance
This chapter describes the automatic diagnosis, and maintenance of the disk drive. This
chapter also describes diagnostic methods for operation check and the basics of
troubleshooting the disk drives.
Chapter 7 Error Analysis
This chapter describes in details how collect the information for error analysis and how
analyze collected error information.
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i
Preface
CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS MANUAL
MAV2073RC and MAV2036RC disk drives are described as "the hard disk drives
(HDD)", "the disk drive" or "the device" in this manual.
Decimal number is represented normally.
Hexadecimal number is represented as X'17B9', 17B9h or 17B9H.
Binary number is represented as "010".
Conventions for Alert Messages
This manual uses the following conventions to show the alert messages. An alert message
consists of an alert signal and alert statements. The alert signal consists of an alert symbol
and a signal word or just a signal word.
The following are the alert signals and their meanings:
This indicates a hazardous situation could result in minor
or moderate personal injury if the user does not perform
the procedure correctly. This alert signal also indicates
that damages to the product or other property, may occur if
the user does not perform the product correctly.
This indicates information that could help the user use the
product more efficiently.
In the text, the alert signal is centered, followed below by the indented message. A wider
line space precedes and follows the alert message to show where the alert message begins
and ends. The following is an example:
(Example)
Damage
Never open the disk enclosure for any reason. Doing so will void any
warranties.
The main alert messages in the text are also listed in the “Important Alert Items.”
Attention
Please forward any comments you may have regarding this manual.
To make this manual easier for users to understand, opinions from readers are needed.
Please write your opinions or requests on the Comment at the back of this manual and
forward it to the address described in the sheet.
ii
C141-E219
Important Alert Items
Important Alert Messages
The important alert messages in this manual are as follows:
A hazardous situation could result in minor or moderate personal injury if the
user does not perform the procedure correctly. Also, damage to the product
or other property, may occur if the user does not perform the procedure
correctly.
Task
Alert message
Page
Installation
Damage
4-4
Never remove any labels from the drive or deface them in any way.
High temperature
5-1, 5-10
To prevent injury, never touch the drive while it is hot. The DE and LSI
become hot during operation and remain hot immediately after turning off
the power.
Damage
5-10
1. When dismounting the drive which is mounted on the
system while power is supplied to it.
• The spindle motor can be stopped by a START/STOP command. It
takes about 15 seconds for the spindle motor to stop completely.
• Then, dismount the drive using the drive mounting/dismounting
mechanism, etc. of the system. If the drive is dismounted while the
spindle motor is running, special care is required to avoid excessive
vibration or shock to the drive. It is recommended to stop the
operation once the connector breaks off contact and wait until the
spindle motor stops (about 15 seconds) before dismount the drive.
• When storing or transporting the drive, put it in the antistatic bag
(refer to Section 5.1).
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iii
Important Alert Items
Task
Alert message
Page
5-10
Installation
2. When dismounting the drive which is mounted on the
system while power is not supplied to it.
• Do not move the drive until the drive stops completely (about 15
seconds if the spindle motor was stopped by a START/STOP UNIT
command, and about 15 seconds after powering-off when the power
was simply turned off).
• Then, dismount the drive using the drive mounting/dismounting
mechanism, etc. of the system.
• When storing or transporting the drive, put it in the antistatic bag
(refer to Section 5.1).
Diagnostics
and
Maintenance
Data loss
6-5
6-5
Save data stored on the disk drive to other media before requesting repair.
Fujitsu does not assume responsibility if data is destroyed during servicing
or repair.
Electreical shock
1. To avoid injury, do not touch the PCA.
2. Never use any solvents to clean the disk drive during operation
Damage
6-5
1. Always ground yourself with a wrist strap connected to ground before
handling. ESD (Electrostatics Discharge) may cause the damage to the
device.
2. Never use a conductive cleaner to clean the HDD.
3. Never remove any labels from the drive or deface them in any way.
4. Never remove the PCA.
5. Never open the disk enclosure for any reason.
Damage
6-13
1. Never remove any labels from the drive.
2. Never open the disk enclosure for any reason. Doing so will void any
warranties.
iv
C141-E219
MANUAL ORGANIZATION
PRODUCT/
MAINTENANCE MANUAL
1. General Description
2. Specifications
3. Data Format
(This manual)
4. Installation Requirements
5. Installation
6. Diagnostics and Maintenance
7. Error Analysis
INTERFACE
1. Interface
SPECIFICATIONS
2. Command Processing
3. Data Buffer Management
4. Command Specifications
5. Sense Data and Error Recovery Methods
6. Disk Media Management
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 General Description.................................................................. 1-1
1.1 Standard Features ................................................................................ 1-2
1.2 Hardware Structure.............................................................................. 1-5
1.3 System Configuration.......................................................................... 1-6
CHAPTER 2 Specifications ........................................................................... 2-1
2.1 Hardware Specifications ...................................................................... 2-1
2.1.1 Model name and order number ............................................................ 2-1
2.1.2 Function specifications ........................................................................ 2-2
2.1.3 Environmental specifications ............................................................... 2-4
2.1.4 Error rate ............................................................................................. 2-5
2.1.5 Reliability............................................................................................ 2-5
CHAPTER 3 Data Format............................................................................... 3-1
3.1 Data Space........................................................................................... 3-1
3.1.1 Cylinder configuration......................................................................... 3-1
3.1.2 Alternate spare area ............................................................................. 3-4
3.1.3 Track format........................................................................................ 3-5
3.1.4 Sector format....................................................................................... 3-6
3.1.5 Format capacity ................................................................................... 3-8
3.2 Logical Data Block Addressing ........................................................... 3-8
3.3 Defect Management........................................................................... 3-10
3.3.1 Defect list.......................................................................................... 3-10
3.3.2 Alternate block allocation .................................................................. 3-10
CHAPTER 4 Installation Requirements........................................................ 4-1
4.1 Mounting Requirements ...................................................................... 4-1
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Contents
4.1.1 Dimensions ..........................................................................................4-1
4.1.2 Mounting orientations ..........................................................................4-2
4.1.3 Notes on mounting ...............................................................................4-3
4.2 Power Supply Requirements.................................................................4-7
4.3 Connection Requirements.....................................................................4-8
4.3.1 Connector.............................................................................................4-8
4.3.2 Interface connector ...............................................................................4-9
CHAPTER 5 Installation .................................................................................5-1
5.1 Notes on Handling Drives.....................................................................5-1
5.2 Setting..................................................................................................5-3
5.2.1 Port Address.........................................................................................5-3
5.3 Mounting Drives ..................................................................................5-3
5.3.1 Mounting procedures............................................................................5-3
5.4 Checking Operation after Installation and Preparing the HDD
for Use .................................................................................................5-4
5.4.1 Checking initial operation.....................................................................5-4
5.4.2 Formatting............................................................................................5-5
5.4.3 Setting parameters ................................................................................5-7
5.5 Dismounting Drives ...........................................................................5-10
5.6 Spare Disk Drive................................................................................5-10
CHAPTER 6 Diagnostics and Maintenance..................................................6-1
6.1 Diagnostics...........................................................................................6-1
6.1.1 Self-diagnostics....................................................................................6-1
6.1.2 Test programs.......................................................................................6-4
6.2 Maintenance Information......................................................................6-5
6.2.1 Precautions...........................................................................................6-5
6.2.2 Maintenance requirements ....................................................................6-6
6.2.3 Maintenance levels ...............................................................................6-7
6.2.4 Revision numbers.................................................................................6-7
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C141-E219
Contents
6.2.5 Tools and test equipment ..................................................................... 6-8
6.2.6 Tests.................................................................................................... 6-9
6.3 Operation Check................................................................................ 6-10
6.3.1 Initial seek operation check................................................................ 6-10
6.3.2 Operation test .................................................................................... 6-10
6.3.3 Diagnostic test................................................................................... 6-10
6.4 Troubleshooting Procedures............................................................... 6-11
6.4.1 Outline of troubleshooting procedures ............................................... 6-11
6.4.2 Troubleshooting with disk drive replacement in the field ................... 6-11
6.4.3 Troubleshooting at the repair site....................................................... 6-13
6.4.4 Troubleshooting with parts replacement in the factory ....................... 6-14
6.4.5 Finding possibly faulty parts.............................................................. 6-14
CHAPTER 7 Error Analysis ........................................................................... 7-1
7.1 Error Analysis Information Collection ................................................. 7-1
7.1.1 Sense data............................................................................................ 7-1
7.1.2 Sense key, additional sense code, and additional sense code qualifier... 7-1
7.2 Sense Data Analysis ............................................................................ 7-3
7.2.1 Error information indicated with sense data ......................................... 7-3
7.2.2 Sense data (3-0C-03), (4-40-xx), and (4-C4-xx)................................... 7-4
7.2.3 Sense data (1-1x-xx), (3-1x-xx) and (E-1D-00): Disk read error.......... 7-4
7.2.4 Sense data (4-44-xx), (5-2x-xx), (B-44-xx), (B-47-xx), (B-4B-xx)
and (B-4E-00): interface error.............................................................. 7-4
Glossary........................................................................................................... GL-1
Abbreviation.................................................................................................... AB-1
Index ..................................................................................................................IN-1
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Contents
Illustrations
Figures
Figure 1.1 Example of SAS system configuration
(Single port internal cabled environment) .................................. 1-6
Figure 1.2 Example of SAS system configuration
(Single port internal backplane environment)............................. 1-6
Figure 3.1 Cylinder configuration............................................................... 3-2
Figure 3.2 Spare area in cell ....................................................................... 3-4
Figure 3.3 Alternate cylinder...................................................................... 3-4
Figure 3.4 Track format.............................................................................. 3-5
Figure 3.5 Track skew/head skew............................................................... 3-6
Figure 3.6 Sector format............................................................................. 3-6
Figure 3.7 Alternate block allocation by FORMAT UNIT command........ 3-11
Figure 3.8 Alternate block allocation by REASSIGN BLOCKS
command................................................................................. 3-12
Figure 4.1 Dimensions ............................................................................... 4-1
Figure 4.2 HDD orientations ...................................................................... 4-2
Figure 4.3 Mounting frame structure .......................................................... 4-4
Figure 4.4 Breathing hole location.............................................................. 4-4
Figure 4.5 Surface temperature measurement points ................................... 4-5
Figure 4.6 Service clearance area................................................................ 4-6
Figure 4.7 Current waveform (+12V DC)................................................... 4-7
Figure 4.8 AC noise filter (recommended).................................................. 4-8
Figure 4.9 Connector location .................................................................... 4-8
Figure 4.10 SAS plug connector overview.................................................... 4-9
Figure 6.1 Revision label (example) ........................................................... 6-7
Figure 6.2 Indicating revision numbers....................................................... 6-8
Figure 6.3 Test flowchart............................................................................ 6-9
Figure 7.1 Format of extended sense data................................................... 7-2
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C141-E219
Contents
Tables
Table 2.1 Model names and order numbers..................................................2-1
Table 2.2 Function specifications .................................................................2-2
Table 2.3 Environmental/Power requirements .............................................2-4
Table 3.1 Format capacity.............................................................................3-8
Table 4.1 Surface temperature check point and maximum temperature ......4-5
Table 4.2 Interface connector (SAS plug) signal allocation:CN1 ..............4-10
Table 6.1 Self-diagnostic functions ..............................................................6-1
Table 6.2 System-level field troubleshooting.............................................6-12
Table 6.3 Disk drive troubleshooting..........................................................6-13
Table 7.1 Definition of sense data ................................................................7-3
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CHAPTER 1
General Description
1.1 Standard Features
1.2 Hardware Structure
1.3 System Configuration
This chapter describes the feature and configuration of the hard disk drives (HDD).
The HDD are high performance large capacity 2.5" fixed disk drives with an embedded Serial Attached SCSI
(SAS) controller.
The interface used to connect the HDD to the host system complies with ANSI T10/1601-D Serial Attached
SCSI-1.1 (SAS-1.1), which covers items ranging from SAS physical layers to SCSI command protocols.
The high-speed data transfer and long-distance transmission capabilities of SAS technology and the powerful
command set the HDD facilitate creation of high-performance and highly reliable disk subsystems with large
storage capacities.
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1-1
General Description
1.1
Standard Features
(1)
Compactness
The disk drive is a compact enclosure which complies with the 2.5" disk drive form factor.
SAS Standard
(2)
The HDD is equipped with a serial attached SCSI (SAS) as a host interface.
•
•
•
Transfer rate: 1.5Gbps, 3.0Gbps
Number of SAS ports: One
Full-duplex (simultaneous bidirectional data transfer) is supported.
SCSI commands can manipulate data through logical block addressing, regardless of the physical
characteristics of the disk drive. This enables software to accommodate expansion of system
functionality.
(3)
Single SAS port support
The HDD has single pair of driver and receiver set (PHY) for the SAS to support single SAS port
connection.
On MAV2073RC and MAV2036RC, Primary Port on SAS plug connector (2 physical links plus
power connections) is used for SAS port connection.
(4)
(5)
High-speed data transfer
The maximum data-transfer speed on the SAS is 300.0 MB/s. The large-capacity data buffer of the
HDD enables the effective use of such high-speed data transfers available on the SAS connection.
Continuous block processing
The addressing method of data blocks is logical block address. The initiator can access data by
specifying block number in a logically continuous data space without concerning the physical
structure of the track or cylinder boundaries.
The continuous processing up to [64K-1] blocks in a command can be achieved, and the HDD can perform
continuous read/write operation when processing data blocks on several tracks or cylinder.
(6)
Multi-segment data buffer
The data buffer is 8M bytes. Data is transferred between SAS port and disk media through this data
buffer. This feature provides the suitable usage environment for users.
1-2
C141-E219
1.1 Standard Features
(7)
Cache feature
After executing the READ command, the HDD reads automatically and stores (prefetches) the
subsequent data blocks into the data buffer (Read-ahead caching).
The high speed sequential data access can be achieved by transferring the data from the data buffer without
reaccessing the disk in case the subsequent command requests the prefetched data blocks.
The Write Cache feature is supported. When this feature is enabled, the status report is issued
without waiting for completion of write processing to disk media, thereby enabling high speed write
processing.
When Write Cache is enabled, you should ensure that the cached data is
surely flushed to the disk media before you turn off the drive's power.
To ensure it, you should issue either the SYNCHRONIZE CACHE
command or the STOP UNIT command with specifying “0” to the
Immediate bit, and then confirm that the command is surely terminated
with the GOOD STATUS.
(8)
Command queuing feature
The HDD can queue maximum 128 commands, and optimizes the issuing order of queued commands
by the reordering function. This feature realizes the high speed processing.
(9)
Reserve and release functions
The HDD can be accessed exclusively in the multi-host or multi-initiator environment by using the
reserve and release functions.
(10)
Error recovery
The HDD can try to recover from errors in the disk drive using its powerful retry processing. If a
recoverable data check occurs, error-free data can be transferred to the initiator after being corrected
in the data buffer. The initiator software is released from the complicated error recover processing
by these error recovery functions of the HDD.
(11)
(12)
Automatic alternate block reassignment
If a defective data block is detected during read or write the HDD can automatically reassign its
alternate data block.
Programmable data block length
Data can be accessed in fixed-block length units. The data block length is programmable, and can be
specified at initializing with a multiple of four within the range of 512 to 528 bytes.
C141-E219
1-3
General Description
Error rate increase
1. The drive format at factory shipment is generally 512 bytes.
2. The recoverable Error of the drive might increase when the format would
be modified from 512 bytes to the following values:
516 bytes, 520 bytes, 524 bytes, 528 bytes.
3. The recoverable Error referred here is sense data (1-13-xx).
(13)
Defective block slipping
A logical data block can be reallocated in a physical sequence by slipping the defective data block at
formatting. This results in high speed contiguous data block processing without a revolution delay
due to defective data block.
(14)
(15)
High speed positioning
A rotary voice coil motor achieves fast positioning with high performance access control.
Large capacity
A large capacity can be obtained from the HDD by dividing all cylinders into several partitions and
changing the recording density on each partition (constant density recording). The disk subsystem
with large capacity can be constructed in the good space efficiency.
(16)
(17)
Start/Stop of spindle motor
Using the SAS primitive or the SCSI command, the host system can start and stop the spindle motor.
Diagnosis
The HDD has a diagnostic capability which checks internal controller functions and drive operations
to facilitate testing and repair.
(18)
(19)
Low power consumption
By using highly integrated LSI components, the power consumption of the HDD is very low, and this
enables the unit to be used in wide range of environmental conditions.
Low noise and low vibration
The noise level is low; approx. 2.9 Bels at Ready for the drive. This makes it ideal for office use.
1-4
C141-E219
1.1 Standard Features
(20)
Microcode downloading
The HDD implements the microcode download feature. This feature achieves easy maintainability of
the HDD and function enhancing.
1.2
Hardware Structure
The HDD is composed of the disks, heads, and spindle motor mounted disk enclosure (DE) with
actuator as well as read/write pre-amp with the printed circuit assembly (PCA) of the controller.
(1)
(2)
(3)
Disks
The disks have an outer diameter of 65 mm (2.56 inch).
Heads
The heads have MR (Magnet-Resistive) read element Ramp Load type slider.
Spindle motor
The disks are rotated by a direct-drive hall-less DC motor. The motor speed is controlled by a
feedback circuit using the counter electromotive current to precisely maintain the specified speed.
(4)
(5)
(6)
Actuator
The actuator, which uses a rotary voice coil motor (VCM), consumes little power and generates little
heat. The heads at the end of the actuator arm are controlled and positioned via feedback servo loop.
The heads are positioned on the ramp when the power is off or the spindle motor is stopped.
Read/write circuit
The read/write circuit utilizes a read channel mounted with a head IC that supports high-speed
transmission and an MEEPR4ML (Modified Enhanced Extended Partial Response Class 4 Maximum
Likelihood) modulation/demodulation circuit in order to prevent errors being triggered by external
noise and to improve data reliability.
Controller circuit
The controller circuit uses LSIs to increase the reliability and uses a high speed microprocessing unit
(MPU) to increase the performance of the SAS controller.
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